Difference between revisions of "Richard Smith"

Revision as of 10:47, 18 November 2016

Richard Smith

Electronic engineer, specialities: optics, microscopy, femtoseconds lasers, ps ultrasonics. I completed my PhD in Electrical and Electronic Engineering in 2006 at the UoN. My early work focused on optical metrology and signal processing techniques to enable precise measurements to be made below the optical diffraction limit. I have been developing several picosecond ultrasonic systems at UoN, and have successfully developed a parallel detection scheme that has increased the data acquisition rate by over an order of magnitude compared with the traditional detector approach. Current research themes are developing instrumentation to provide true orientation imaging of material microstructure in primarily aerospace materials, and developing high frequency ultrasonic transducers for biological applications.

Location: Biology Building SIOS main office C40, ASOPS labs,

Email: Richard.j.smith@nottingham.ac.uk

Phone: (0115) 9515556 (office)

Research Projects

NDE for AM

Nano-agents for read / write microscopy and nano-macro bridging

MRC DPFS Label-free, ultra-sensitive, high-throughput screening for early detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

SRAS for materials characterisation

Nanoscale Ultrasonic Transducers

Exotic Ultrasonics for the real world

Awards

My Measurement Science and Technology paper 'Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation' was selected to be included in the the IOP MST highlights brochure for 2014. link

Winner of best contributed paper at the Rank Prize Funds mini symposia on 'optical aspects of NDT' 19-22nd May 2008, for my talk entitled ‘Parallel ultrafast ultrasonics’.

Peer Reviewed Publications

Richard J. Smith, Matthias Hirsch, Rikesh Patel, Wenqi Li, Adam T. Clare, Steve D. Sharples - Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy for Selective Laser Melting

Journal of Materials Processing Technology , may 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.05.005
Bibtex

Author : Richard J. Smith, Matthias Hirsch, Rikesh Patel, Wenqi Li, Adam T. Clare, Steve D. Sharples
Title : Spatially Resolved Acoustic Spectroscopy for Selective Laser Melting
In : Journal of Materials Processing Technology -
Address :
Date : may 2016

Pérez-Cota F., Smith R. J., Moradi E., Webb K., Clark M. - Thin-film transducers for the detection and imaging of {Brillouin} oscillations in transmission on cultured cells

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 684(1):012003,2016

http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/684/i=1/a=012003
Bibtex

Author : Pérez-Cota F., Smith R. J., Moradi E., Webb K., Clark M.
Title : Thin-film transducers for the detection and imaging of {Brillouin} oscillations in transmission on cultured cells
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : 2016

W Li, J Coulson, P Marrow, R J Smith, S J Lainé, M Clark, S D Sharples - Crystallographic Orientation Determination of Hexagonal Structure Crystals by Laser Ultrasonic Technique

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 684(1):012001,2016

http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/684/i=1/a=012001
Bibtex

Author : W Li, J Coulson, P Marrow, R J Smith, S J Lainé, M Clark, S D Sharples
Title : Crystallographic Orientation Determination of Hexagonal Structure Crystals by Laser Ultrasonic Technique
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : 2016

Pérez-Cota Fernando, Smith Richard J., Moradi Emilia, Marques Leonel, Webb Kevin F., Clark Matt - Thin-film optoacoustic transducers for subcellular {Brillouin} oscillation imaging of individual biological cells

Applied Optics 54(28):8388, oct 2015

http://www.osapublishing.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-54-28-8388
Bibtex

Author : Pérez-Cota Fernando, Smith Richard J., Moradi Emilia, Marques Leonel, Webb Kevin F., Clark Matt
Title : Thin-film optoacoustic transducers for subcellular {Brillouin} oscillation imaging of individual biological cells
In : Applied Optics -
Address :
Date : oct 2015

Criss Everett M., Smith Richard J., Meyers Marc A. - Failure mechanisms in cobalt welded with a silver–copper filler

Materials Science and Engineering: A 645:369--382, oct 2015

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092150931530246X
Bibtex

Author : Criss Everett M., Smith Richard J., Meyers Marc A.
Title : Failure mechanisms in cobalt welded with a silver–copper filler
In : Materials Science and Engineering: A -
Address :
Date : oct 2015

Zhang J., Somekh M.G., Smith R.J., Pitter M.C., Light R.A., See C.W., Johnston N.S. - Rapid wide-field heterodyne interferometry with custom 2D {CMOS} camera

Electronics Letters 51(6):479--480, mar 2015

http://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/el.2015.0268
Bibtex

Author : Zhang J., Somekh M.G., Smith R.J., Pitter M.C., Light R.A., See C.W., Johnston N.S.
Title : Rapid wide-field heterodyne interferometry with custom 2D {CMOS} camera
In : Electronics Letters -
Address :
Date : mar 2015

Smith Richard J., Cota Fernando Perez, Marques Leonel, Chen Xuesheng, Arca Ahmet, Webb Kevin, Aylott Jonathon, Somekh Micheal G., Clark Matt - Optically excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 137:219--227, jan 2015

http://scitation.aip.org/content/asa/journal/jasa/137/1/10.1121/1.4904487
Bibtex

Author : Smith Richard J., Cota Fernando Perez, Marques Leonel, Chen Xuesheng, Arca Ahmet, Webb Kevin, Aylott Jonathon, Somekh Micheal G., Clark Matt
Title : Optically excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers
In : The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America -
Address :
Date : jan 2015

Smith, Richard J., Li, Wenqi, Coulson, Jethro, Clark, Matt, Somekh, Michael G., Sharples, Steve D. - Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation

Measurement Science and Technology 25(5):055902, may 2014

http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/25/5/055902
Bibtex

Author : Smith, Richard J., Li, Wenqi, Coulson, Jethro, Clark, Matt, Somekh, Michael G., Sharples, Steve D.
Title : Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation
In : Measurement Science and Technology -
Address :
Date : may 2014

Wang, Jing, Smith, Richard J., Light, Roger A., Richens, Joanna L., Zhang, Jing, {O’Shea}, Paul, See, Chung, Somekh, Michael G. - Highly sensitive multipoint real-time kinetic detection of Surface Plasmon bioanalytes with custom {CMOS} cameras

Biosensors and Bioelectronics 58:157--164, aug 2014

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566314001304
Bibtex

Author : Wang, Jing, Smith, Richard J., Light, Roger A., Richens, Joanna L., Zhang, Jing, {O’Shea}, Paul, See, Chung, Somekh, Michael G.
Title : Highly sensitive multipoint real-time kinetic detection of Surface Plasmon bioanalytes with custom {CMOS} cameras
In : Biosensors and Bioelectronics -
Address :
Date : aug 2014

Smith R, Sharples S, Li W, Clark M, Somekh M - Orientation imaging using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 353:012003, @mar 2012

http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/353/1/012003
Bibtex

Author : Smith R, Sharples S, Li W, Clark M, Somekh M
Title : Orientation imaging using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : @mar 2012

Smith R, Arca A, Chen X, Marques L, Clark M, Aylott J, Somekh M - Design and fabrication of nanoscale ultrasonic transducers

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 353:012001, @mar 2012

http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/353/1/012001
Bibtex

Author : Smith R, Arca A, Chen X, Marques L, Clark M, Aylott J, Somekh M
Title : Design and fabrication of nanoscale ultrasonic transducers
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : @mar 2012

Li Wenqi, Sharples Steve D., Smith Richard J., Clark Matt, Somekh Michael G. - Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 132(2):738--745,2012

http://link.aip.org/link/?JAS/132/738/1
Bibtex

Author : Li Wenqi, Sharples Steve D., Smith Richard J., Clark Matt, Somekh Michael G.
Title : Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves
In : The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America -
Address :
Date : 2012

Smith R, Arca A, Chen X, Marques L, Clark M, Aylott J, Somekh M - Design and fabrication of ultrasonic transducers with nanoscale dimensions

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 278:012035, @jan 2011

http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/278/1/012035
Bibtex

Author : Smith R, Arca A, Chen X, Marques L, Clark M, Aylott J, Somekh M
Title : Design and fabrication of ultrasonic transducers with nanoscale dimensions
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : @jan 2011

Sharples S. D., Clark M., Smith R. J., Ellwood R. J., Li W., Somekh M. G. - Laser ultrasonic microscopy

Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation 26(3-4):367--384,2011

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10589759.2011.577429
Bibtex<div>Author : Sharples S. D., Clark M., Smith R. J., Ellwood R. J., Li W., Somekh M. G.
Title : Laser ultrasonic microscopy
In : Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation -
Address :
Date : 2011
</div>

Arca Ahmet, Aylott Jon, Marques Leonel, Clark Matt, Somekh Mike, Smith Richard, Sharples Steve, Stratoudaki Teti, Chen Xuesheng - CHOTs optical transducers

Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation 26(3-4):353--366,2011

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10589759.2011.573555
Bibtex<div>Author : Arca Ahmet, Aylott Jon, Marques Leonel, Clark Matt, Somekh Mike, Smith Richard, Sharples Steve, Stratoudaki Teti, Chen Xuesheng
Title : CHOTs optical transducers
In : Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation -
Address :
Date : 2011
</div>

A Arca, T Stratoudaki, R Smith, M Clark, M G Somekh - Evanescent CHOTs for the optical generation and detection of ultrahigh frequency {SAWs}

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 269:012012,2011

http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/269/1/012012
Bibtex<div>Author : A Arca, T Stratoudaki, R Smith, M Clark, M G Somekh
Title : Evanescent CHOTs for the optical generation and detection of ultrahigh frequency {SAWs}
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : 2011
</div>

R Smith, A Arca, X Chen, L Marques, M Clark, J Aylott, M Somekh - Design and fabrication of ultrasonic transducers with nanoscale dimensions

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 278:012035,2011

http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/278/1/012035
Bibtex<div>Author : R Smith, A Arca, X Chen, L Marques, M Clark, J Aylott, M Somekh
Title : Design and fabrication of ultrasonic transducers with nanoscale dimensions
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : 2011
</div>

R J Smith, R A Light, N Johnston, S Sharples, M C Pitter, M G Somekh - Parallel detection in laser ultrasonics

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 214:012006,2010

http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/214/1/012006
Bibtex<div>Author : R J Smith, R A Light, N Johnston, S Sharples, M C Pitter, M G Somekh
Title : Parallel detection in laser ultrasonics
In : Journal of Physics: Conference Series -
Address :
Date : 2010
</div>

Richard J. Smith, Roger A. Light, Steve D. Sharples, Nicholas S. Johnston, Mark C. Pitter, Mike G. Somekh - Multichannel, time-resolved picosecond laser ultrasound imaging and spectroscopy with custom complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor detector

Review of Scientific Instruments 81(2):024901,2010

http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3298606
Bibtex<div>Author : Richard J. Smith, Roger A. Light, Steve D. Sharples, Nicholas S. Johnston, Mark C. Pitter, Mike G. Somekh
Title : Multichannel, time-resolved picosecond laser ultrasound imaging and spectroscopy with custom complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor detector
In : Review of Scientific Instruments -
Address :
Date : 2010
</div>

R J Smith, M G Somekh, S D Sharples, M C Pitter, I Harrison - Parallel detection of low modulation depth signals: application to picosecond ultrasonics

Measurement Science and Technology 19(5):055301,2008

http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/19/5/055301
Bibtex<div>Author : R J Smith, M G Somekh, S D Sharples, M C Pitter, I Harrison
Title : Parallel detection of low modulation depth signals: application to picosecond ultrasonics
In : Measurement Science and Technology -
Address :
Date : 2008
</div>

RJ Smith, CW See, MG Somekh - Use of artificial neural networks on optical track width measurements

APPLIED OPTICS 46(22):4857--4866,2007

Bibtex<div>Author : RJ Smith, CW See, MG Somekh
Title : Use of artificial neural networks on optical track width measurements
In : APPLIED OPTICS -
Address :
Date : 2007
</div>

R J Smith, C W See, M G Somekh - Optical track width measurements below 100 nm using artificial neural networks

Measurement Science and Technology 16(12):2397--2404,2005

http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/12/001
Bibtex<div>Author : R J Smith, C W See, M G Somekh
Title : Optical track width measurements below 100 nm using artificial neural networks
In : Measurement Science and Technology -
Address :
Date : 2005
</div>

Non Peer Review Papers

Light Roger A., Smith Richard J., Johnston Nicholas S., Somekh Michael G., Pitter Mark C. - CMOS lock-in optical sensor for parallel detection in pump-probe systems

Proc. SPIE 8073:807304-807304-10,2011

http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.886892
Bibtex

Author : Light Roger A., Smith Richard J., Johnston Nicholas S., Somekh Michael G., Pitter Mark C.
Title : CMOS lock-in optical sensor for parallel detection in pump-probe systems
In : Proc. SPIE -
Address :
Date : 2011

Roger A. Light, Richard J. Smith, Nicholas S. Johnston, Steve D. Sharples, Michael G. Somekh, Mark C. Pitter - Highly parallel CMOS lock-in optical sensor array for hyperspectral recording in scanned imaging systems

pp. 75700U--75700U-10, San Francisco, California, {USA},2010

http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.842083
Bibtex<div>Author : Roger A. Light, Richard J. Smith, Nicholas S. Johnston, Steve D. Sharples, Michael G. Somekh, Mark C. Pitter
Title : Highly parallel CMOS lock-in optical sensor array for hyperspectral recording in scanned imaging systems
In : -
Address : San Francisco, California, {USA}
Date : 2010
</div>

Ahmet Arca, Theodosia Stratoudaki, Richard J Smith, Matt Clark, Mike Somekh - Evanescent CHOTs for the optical generation and detection of ultra-high frequency SAWs

2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium pp. 2213 - 2216,2009

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{smith_optically_2015,	title = {Optically  excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers},	volume = {137},	issn =  {0001-4966},	url =  {http://scitation.aip.org/content/asa/journal/jasa/137/1/10.1121/1.4904487}, 	doi = {10.1121/1.4904487},},	number = {1},	urldate = {2015-02-09},	 journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},	author =  {Smith Richard J. and Cota Fernando Perez and Marques Leonel and Chen  Xuesheng and Arca Ahmet and Webb Kevin and Aylott Jonathon and Somekh  Micheal G. and Clark Matt},	month = {jan},	year = {2015},	keywords =  {Acoustic sensing, Optical resonators, Proteins, Ultrasonic transducers,  Ultrasonography},	pages = {219--227},
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_optically_2015,	title = {Optically  excited nanoscale ultrasonic transducers},	volume = {137},	issn =  {0001-4966},	url =  {http://scitation.aip.org/content/asa/journal/jasa/137/1/10.1121/1.4904487}, 	doi = {10.1121/1.4904487},},	number = {1},	urldate = {2015-02-09},	 journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},	author =  {Smith Richard J. and Cota Fernando Perez and Marques Leonel and Chen  Xuesheng and Arca Ahmet and Webb Kevin and Aylott Jonathon and Somekh  Micheal G. and Clark Matt},	month = {jan},	year = {2015},	keywords =  {Acoustic sensing, Optical resonators, Proteins, Ultrasonic transducers,  Ultrasonography},	pages = {219--227},
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{smith_spatially_2014,	title = {Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation},	volume = {25},	issn = {0957-0233},	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/25/5/055902},	doi = {10.1088/0957-0233/25/5/055902},	language = {en},	number = {5},	urldate = {2014-03-17},	journal = {Measurement Science and Technology},	author = {Smith, Richard J. and Li, Wenqi and Coulson, Jethro and Clark, Matt and Somekh, Michael G. and Sharples, Steve D.},	month = {may},	year = {2014},	pages = {055902},}
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_spatially_2014,	title = {Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for rapid imaging of material microstructure and grain orientation},	volume = {25},	issn = {0957-0233},	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/25/5/055902},	doi = {10.1088/0957-0233/25/5/055902},	language = {en},	number = {5},	urldate = {2014-03-17},	journal = {Measurement Science and Technology},	author = {Smith, Richard J. and Li, Wenqi and Coulson, Jethro and Clark, Matt and Somekh, Michael G. and Sharples, Steve D.},	month = {may},	year = {2014},	pages = {055902},}
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{wang_highly_2014,	title = {Highly sensitive multipoint real-time kinetic detection of Surface Plasmon bioanalytes with custom {CMOS} cameras},	volume = {58},	issn = {0956-5663},	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566314001304},	doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2014.02.042},	urldate = {2014-03-17},	journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics},	author = {Wang, Jing and Smith, Richard J. and Light, Roger A. and Richens, Joanna L. and Zhang, Jing and {O’Shea}, Paul and See, Chung and Somekh, Michael G.},	month = {aug},	year = {2014},	keywords = {High sensitivity, Multipoint detection, Phase sensitive, Surface plasmon resonance},	pages = {157--164},}
+<bibtex>
+@article{wang_highly_2014,	title = {Highly sensitive multipoint real-time kinetic detection of Surface Plasmon bioanalytes with custom {CMOS} cameras},	volume = {58},	issn = {0956-5663},	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566314001304},	doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2014.02.042},	urldate = {2014-03-17},	journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics},	author = {Wang, Jing and Smith, Richard J. and Light, Roger A. and Richens, Joanna L. and Zhang, Jing and {O’Shea}, Paul and See, Chung and Somekh, Michael G.},	month = {aug},	year = {2014},	keywords = {High sensitivity, Multipoint detection, Phase sensitive, Surface plasmon resonance},	pages = {157--164},}
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{smith_orientation_2012,
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_orientation_2012,
 	title = {Orientation imaging using spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy},
 	volume = {353},
@@ Line 84: / Line 88: @@
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{smith_design_2012,	title = {Design and fabrication of nanoscale ultrasonic transducers},	volume = {353},	issn = {1742-6596},	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/353/1/012001},	doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/353/1/012001},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},	author = {Smith R and Arca A and Chen X and Marques L and Clark M and Aylott J and Somekh M},	month = mar,	year = {2012},	pages = {012001},}}
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_design_2012,	title = {Design and fabrication of nanoscale ultrasonic transducers},	volume = {353},	issn = {1742-6596},	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/353/1/012001},	doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/353/1/012001},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},	author = {Smith R and Arca A and Chen X and Marques L and Clark M and Aylott J and Somekh M},	month = mar,	year = {2012},	pages = {012001},}}
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{li_determination_2012,	title = {Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves},	volume = {132},	copyright = {© 2012 Acoustical Society of America},	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAS/132/738/1},	doi = {10.1121/1.4731226},	abstract = {A previously described laser ultrasonic technique known as spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy ({SRAS)} can be used to image surface microstructure, using the local surface acoustic wave ({SAW)} velocity as a contrast mechanism. It is shown here that measuring the {SAW} velocity in multiple directions can be used to determine the crystallographic orientation of grains. The orientations are determined by fitting experimentally measured velocities to theoretical velocities. Using this technique the orientations of 12 nickel and 3 aluminum single crystal samples have been measured, and these are compared with x-ray Laue backreflection ({LBR)} measurements with good agreement. The root mean square difference between {SRAS} and {LBR} measurements in terms of an R-value is less than 4.1°. The influence of systematic errors in the {SAW} velocity determination due to instrument miscalibration, which affects the accurate determination of the planes, is discussed. {SRAS} has great potential for complementary measurements or even for replacing established orientation determination and imaging techniques.},	number = {2},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},	author = {Li Wenqi and Sharples Steve D. and Smith Richard J. and Clark Matt and Somekh Michael G.},	year = {2012},	keywords = {acoustic imaging, acoustic wave velocity, aluminium, crystal orientation, nickel, surface acoustic waves, ultrasonics, X-ray crystallography, X-ray diffraction},	pages = {738--745},}}
+<bibtex>
+@article{li_determination_2012,	title = {Determination of crystallographic orientation of large grain metals with surface acoustic waves},	volume = {132},	copyright = {© 2012 Acoustical Society of America},	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAS/132/738/1},	doi = {10.1121/1.4731226},	abstract = {A previously described laser ultrasonic technique known as spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy ({SRAS)} can be used to image surface microstructure, using the local surface acoustic wave ({SAW)} velocity as a contrast mechanism. It is shown here that measuring the {SAW} velocity in multiple directions can be used to determine the crystallographic orientation of grains. The orientations are determined by fitting experimentally measured velocities to theoretical velocities. Using this technique the orientations of 12 nickel and 3 aluminum single crystal samples have been measured, and these are compared with x-ray Laue backreflection ({LBR)} measurements with good agreement. The root mean square difference between {SRAS} and {LBR} measurements in terms of an R-value is less than 4.1°. The influence of systematic errors in the {SAW} velocity determination due to instrument miscalibration, which affects the accurate determination of the planes, is discussed. {SRAS} has great potential for complementary measurements or even for replacing established orientation determination and imaging techniques.},	number = {2},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America},	author = {Li Wenqi and Sharples Steve D. and Smith Richard J. and Clark Matt and Somekh Michael G.},	year = {2012},	keywords = {acoustic imaging, acoustic wave velocity, aluminium, crystal orientation, nickel, surface acoustic waves, ultrasonics, X-ray crystallography, X-ray diffraction},	pages = {738--745},}}
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{smith_design_2011,	title = {Design and fabrication of ultrasonic transducers with nanoscale dimensions},	volume = {278},	issn = {1742-6596},	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/278/1/012035},	doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/278/1/012035},	urldate = {2011-03-31},	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},	author = {Smith R and Arca A and Chen X and Marques L and Clark M and Aylott J and Somekh M},	month = jan,	year = {2011},	pages = {012035},}}
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_design_2011,	title = {Design and fabrication of ultrasonic transducers with nanoscale dimensions},	volume = {278},	issn = {1742-6596},	url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/278/1/012035},	doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/278/1/012035},	urldate = {2011-03-31},	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series},	author = {Smith R and Arca A and Chen X and Marques L and Clark M and Aylott J and Somekh M},	month = jan,	year = {2011},	pages = {012035},}}
 </bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{sharples_laser_2011,	title = {Laser ultrasonic microscopy},	volume = {26},	issn = {1058-9759},	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10589759.2011.577429},	doi = {10.1080/10589759.2011.577429},	abstract = {As the field of laser ultrasonics has matured over the past decade, our main focus has been on developing techniques for characterising materials in ever-finer detail, in terms of both spatial resolution and information content. We have worked to improve both the instrumentation and our understanding of the interactions between light, sound and material properties. This effort results in a range of techniques at different stages of maturity, tied by the theme of laser ultrasonic microscopy; that is imaging the interaction between optically excited and detected ultrasonic waves, and the material under inspection. This paper is a review of the work done so far.},	number = {3-4},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation},	author = {Sharples S. D. and Clark M. and Smith R. J. and Ellwood R. J. and Li W. and Somekh M. G.},	year = {2011},	pages = {367--384},}}</bibtex>
+<bibtex>
+@article{sharples_laser_2011,	title = {Laser ultrasonic microscopy},	volume = {26},	issn = {1058-9759},	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10589759.2011.577429},	doi = {10.1080/10589759.2011.577429},	abstract = {As the field of laser ultrasonics has matured over the past decade, our main focus has been on developing techniques for characterising materials in ever-finer detail, in terms of both spatial resolution and information content. We have worked to improve both the instrumentation and our understanding of the interactions between light, sound and material properties. This effort results in a range of techniques at different stages of maturity, tied by the theme of laser ultrasonic microscopy; that is imaging the interaction between optically excited and detected ultrasonic waves, and the material under inspection. This paper is a review of the work done so far.},	number = {3-4},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation},	author = {Sharples S. D. and Clark M. and Smith R. J. and Ellwood R. J. and Li W. and Somekh M. G.},	year = {2011},	pages = {367--384},}}</bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{arca_chots_2011,	title = {CHOTs optical transducers},	volume = {26},	issn = {1058-9759},	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10589759.2011.573555},	doi = {10.1080/10589759.2011.573555},	abstract = {Laser ultrasonics conventionally use direct absorption in the sample to generate ultrasound and monitor the sample to detect the ultrasound. However, in some circumstances there are significant advantages to using an optical transducer – a device to facilitate the conversion of optical energy into acoustic energy or to facilitate the modulation of light by an acoustic wave. These devices are known as ‘cheap optical transducers’ ({CHOTs).} For some applications, they offer considerable advantages over conventional laser ultrasonics or conventional contact ultrasonics. In this paper, the design, operation and applications of {CHOTs} are discussed, and the concept is extended to the use of {superCHOTs} that can achieve amplitudes and sensitivities above the usual laser ultrasound limits, nano-scale devices capable of the generation and the detection of ultrasound with wavelengths smaller than that of visible light and devices capable of generating modes not normally accessible to laser ultrasound.},	number = {3-4},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation},	author = {Arca Ahmet and Aylott Jon and Marques Leonel and Clark Matt and Somekh Mike and Smith Richard and Sharples Steve and Stratoudaki Teti and Chen Xuesheng},	year = {2011},	pages = {353--366},}}</bibtex>
+<bibtex>
+@article{arca_chots_2011,	title = {CHOTs optical transducers},	volume = {26},	issn = {1058-9759},	url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10589759.2011.573555},	doi = {10.1080/10589759.2011.573555},	abstract = {Laser ultrasonics conventionally use direct absorption in the sample to generate ultrasound and monitor the sample to detect the ultrasound. However, in some circumstances there are significant advantages to using an optical transducer – a device to facilitate the conversion of optical energy into acoustic energy or to facilitate the modulation of light by an acoustic wave. These devices are known as ‘cheap optical transducers’ ({CHOTs).} For some applications, they offer considerable advantages over conventional laser ultrasonics or conventional contact ultrasonics. In this paper, the design, operation and applications of {CHOTs} are discussed, and the concept is extended to the use of {superCHOTs} that can achieve amplitudes and sensitivities above the usual laser ultrasound limits, nano-scale devices capable of the generation and the detection of ultrasound with wavelengths smaller than that of visible light and devices capable of generating modes not normally accessible to laser ultrasound.},	number = {3-4},	urldate = {2012-09-20},	journal = {Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation},	author = {Arca Ahmet and Aylott Jon and Marques Leonel and Clark Matt and Somekh Mike and Smith Richard and Sharples Steve and Stratoudaki Teti and Chen Xuesheng},	year = {2011},	pages = {353--366},}}</bibtex>
 <bibtex>
@@ Line 106: / Line 115: @@
 @article{smith_parallel_2010, 	title = {Parallel detection in laser ultrasonics}, 	volume = {214}, 	issn = {1742-6596}, 	 	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/214/1/012006}, 	journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, 	author = {R J Smith and R A Light and N Johnston and S Sharples and M C Pitter and M G Somekh}, 	year = {2010}, 	pages = {012006}, pdf = {http://optics.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/w/images/8/8a/Paper_2009_ICPPP_Leuven_Parallel_Detection_RJS.pdf} }</bibtex>
-<bibtex>@article{smith_multichannel_2010, 	title = {Multichannel, time-resolved picosecond laser ultrasound imaging and spectroscopy with custom complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor detector}, 	volume = {81}, 	issn = {00346748}, 	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3298606}, 	number = {2}, 	journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, 	author = {Richard J. Smith and Roger A. Light and Steve D. Sharples and Nicholas S. Johnston and Mark C. Pitter and Mike G. Somekh}, 	year = {2010}, 	pages = {024901}, pdf={http://optics.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/w/images/0/0d/Paper_2010_RevSciInstru_CMOS_Parallel_detection.pdf} }, </bibtex>
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_multichannel_2010, 	title = {Multichannel, time-resolved picosecond laser ultrasound imaging and spectroscopy with custom complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor detector}, 	volume = {81}, 	issn = {00346748}, 	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3298606}, 	number = {2}, 	journal = {Review of Scientific Instruments}, 	author = {Richard J. Smith and Roger A. Light and Steve D. Sharples and Nicholas S. Johnston and Mark C. Pitter and Mike G. Somekh}, 	year = {2010}, 	pages = {024901}, pdf={http://optics.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/w/images/0/0d/Paper_2010_RevSciInstru_CMOS_Parallel_detection.pdf} }, </bibtex>
 <bibtex>
@@ Line 114: / Line 124: @@
 @article{smith_use_2007, 	title = {Use of artificial neural networks on optical track width measurements}, 	volume = {46}, 	issn = {0003-6935},abstract = {We have demonstrated recently that, by using an ultrastable optical interferometer together with artificial neural networks {(ANNs),} track widths down to 60 nm can be measured with a 0.3 {NA} objective lens. We investigate the effective conditions for training {ANNs.} Experimental results will be used to show the characteristics of the training samples and the data format of the ANN inputs required to produce suitably trained {ANNs.} Results obtained with networks measuring double tracks, and classifying different structures, will be presented to illustrate the capability of the technique. We include a discussion on expansion of the application areas of the system, allowing it to be used as a general purpose instrument. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America.}, 	number = {22}, 	journal = {APPLIED OPTICS}, 	author = {RJ Smith and CW See and MG Somekh}, postauth = {A Yacoot},	year = {2007}, 	pages = {4857--4866},pdf={http://optics.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/w/images/4/4b/Paper_2007_AppliedOptics_ANN_RJS.pdf} }</bibtex>
-<bibtex> @article{smith_optical_2005,title = {Optical track width measurements below 100 nm using artificial neural networks}, 	volume = {16}, 	issn = {0957-0233}, 	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/12/001}, 	number = {12}, 	journal = {Measurement Science and Technology}, 	author = {R J Smith and C W See and M G Somekh}, postauth = {A Yacoot and E Choi},	year = {2005}, 	pages = {2397--2404}, pdf = {http://optics.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/w/images/4/42/Paper_2005_MST_ANN_RJS.pdf} }</bibtex>
+<bibtex>
+@article{smith_optical_2005,title = {Optical track width measurements below 100 nm using artificial neural networks}, 	volume = {16}, 	issn = {0957-0233}, 	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/12/001}, 	number = {12}, 	journal = {Measurement Science and Technology}, 	author = {R J Smith and C W See and M G Somekh}, postauth = {A Yacoot and E Choi},	year = {2005}, 	pages = {2397--2404}, pdf = {http://optics.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/w/images/4/42/Paper_2005_MST_ANN_RJS.pdf} }</bibtex>
 ==Non Peer Review Papers==
-<bibtex>@article{doi:10.1117/12.886892,author = {Light Roger A. and Smith Richard J. and Johnston Nicholas S. and Somekh Michael G. and Pitter Mark C.},title = {CMOS lock-in optical sensor for parallel detection in pump-probe systems},journal = {Proc. SPIE},volume = {8073},number = {},pages = {807304-807304-10},abstract = {In pump-probe type experiments the signal of interest is often a very small fraction of the overall light intensity reaching the detector. This is beyond the capabilities of conventional cameras due to the necessarily high light intensity at the detector and its limited dynamic range. To overcome these problems, phase-sensitive or lock-in detection with a single photodiode is generally used. In phase-sensitive detection, the pump beam is modulated and the probe beam is captured with a photodiode connected to a lock-in amplifier running from the same reference. This provides very narrowband detection and moves the signal away from low frequency noise. We have developed a linear array detector that can perform shot-noise limited lock-in detection in 256 parallel channels. Each pixel has four independent wells to allow phase-sensitive detection. The depth of each well is massively increased and can be controlled on a per-pixel basis allowing the gain of the sensor to be matched to the incident light intensity, improving noise performance. The array reduces the number of dimensions that need to be sequentially scanned and so greatly speeds up acquisition. Results demonstrating spectral parallelism in pump-probe experiments are presented where the a.c. amplitude to background ratio approaches 1 part in one million.},year = {2011},doi = {10.1117/12.886892},URL = { http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.886892},eprint = {}}
+<bibtex>
+@article{doi:10.1117/12.886892,author = {Light Roger A. and Smith Richard J. and Johnston Nicholas S. and Somekh Michael G. and Pitter Mark C.},title = {CMOS lock-in optical sensor for parallel detection in pump-probe systems},journal = {Proc. SPIE},volume = {8073},number = {},pages = {807304-807304-10},abstract = {In pump-probe type experiments the signal of interest is often a very small fraction of the overall light intensity reaching the detector. This is beyond the capabilities of conventional cameras due to the necessarily high light intensity at the detector and its limited dynamic range. To overcome these problems, phase-sensitive or lock-in detection with a single photodiode is generally used. In phase-sensitive detection, the pump beam is modulated and the probe beam is captured with a photodiode connected to a lock-in amplifier running from the same reference. This provides very narrowband detection and moves the signal away from low frequency noise. We have developed a linear array detector that can perform shot-noise limited lock-in detection in 256 parallel channels. Each pixel has four independent wells to allow phase-sensitive detection. The depth of each well is massively increased and can be controlled on a per-pixel basis allowing the gain of the sensor to be matched to the incident light intensity, improving noise performance. The array reduces the number of dimensions that need to be sequentially scanned and so greatly speeds up acquisition. Results demonstrating spectral parallelism in pump-probe experiments are presented where the a.c. amplitude to background ratio approaches 1 part in one million.},year = {2011},doi = {10.1117/12.886892},URL = { http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.886892},eprint = {}}
 </bibtex>
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@@ Line 308: / Line 322: @@
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Difference between revisions of "Richard Smith"

Revision as of 10:47, 18 November 2016

Richard Smith

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